national railway ［railroad］
【組織】

1. Japan National Railways〔1987年に分割民営化され、消滅。〕
2. JNR〈日〉〔1987年4月分割、民営化されて現在のJRに社名を変更。〕

privatization and separation of the Japanese National Railways〔1987年〕

JNR authorities〔【参考】JNR〕

JNR privatization reforms

Japanese National Railways was split into seven railway companies and privatized as the JR Group in 1987. Another big change was the introduction of a 3% consumption tax （a form of value-added tax） in 1989. The tax was raised to 5% in 1997."NIPO-016", "2388205"

But JNR somehow finds the bomb, disables it, and the train comes safely to a stop.〔【出典】Hiragana Times, 2010年2月号◆【出版社】株式会社ヤック企画 〕"HT280044", "2269568"

After a remarkable performance in the preseason exhibition games, he underwent a baptism by the pitcher Masaichi Kaneda of the Kokutetsu Swallows （today's Yakult） who struck him out four times on four batting opportunities.〔【出典】Hiragana Times, 2000年12月号◆【出版社】株式会社ヤック企画 〕"HT170036", "2235379"

The French railway is now collecting votes to decide the new interior design of the TGV."MB001382", "2466114"

Train a grande vitesse〔【略】TGV〕

Hokkaido Railway Company （JR Hokkaido）, for example, has sold nearly 40 train cars to Myanmar's national railway.〔【出典】Catch a Wave, 2012年3月23日号◆【出版社】株式会社浜島書店 〕

government plan to privatize the national railways

In 1987 when the Japanese Government had privatized Japan National Railways, Nihon Kotsu Bunka Kyokai ［Japan Transportation Culture Association］ was looking for ideas to attract more customers to the newly formed East Japan Railway.〔【出典】Hiragana Times, 2004年8月号◆【出版社】株式会社ヤック企画 〕"HT214016", "2354681"

Act for the Treatment of the Long-term Debts of the Old Japan National Railways〔日本法〕

The story begins with a phone call made to the Kokutetsu -- the Japanese National Railways （JNR） -- saying, "We've set a bomb set on the Hikari 109."〔【出典】Hiragana Times, 2010年2月号◆【出版社】株式会社ヤック企画 〕"HT280044", "2506698"

British Rail〔【略】BR〕

The combined length of all Japanese railways is 27.4 thousand km （17.1 thousand miles）. Nearly 80% of the total is accounted for by the seven JR companies established in 1987 by splitting up and privatizing the government-owned Japanese National Railways."NIPO-114", "2478252"

Nearly a hundred thousand pounds' worth of American railway bonds, with a large amount of scrip in mines and other companies, was discovered in the bag.〔【出典】英文："The Stockbroker's Clerk" by Arthur Conan Doyle、訳者：大久保ゆう〕"_CO-STOC", "2410216"

Nonetheless, figures announced by the government in July 2008 still showed a public debt of 848 trillion yen, accounted for mostly by deficit-covering bonds, construction bonds, JNR Settlement Corporation related privatization debt-covering bonds, borrowings from the private sector, and financial bills."NIPO-066", "2413247"

Deutsche Bahn's predecessor, the Reichsbahn, took part in the transporting of people to the concentration camps.〔【出典】Catch a Wave, 2008年5月23日号◆【出版社】株式会社浜島書店 〕

Lee Chul, president of Korea's National Railroad, urged members of the crew to take extra care on this day -- because they had a very special mission."VOA-A113", "2394338"